Substations

This handbook offers the whole knowledge of high voltage substations from their design and construction to the maintenance and the ongoing management, the entire asset life-cycle. The content of the book covers a range of substation topologies: Air-Insulated, Gas-Insulated and Mixed Technology Switchgear Substations together with the essential secondary systems. Additionally specialized substations such as ultra high voltage (UHV), offshore substations for wind power plants and the use of gas insulated lines are included.

The book includes topics, providing information for increased reliability and availability, asset management, environmental management aspects, and the adoption of appropriate technological advances in equipment and systems in substations.

The book was written by more than 30 experts from around the world and assembled through the Cigré study committee on Substations. This guarantees that the book contains information that is based on the global exchange and dissemination of unbiased information for technical and non-technical audiences.

Although there are other works containing references to Substations, this book is designed to provide a complete overview of the topic in one book, providing a valuable reference for anyone interested in the topic.

Table of Contents

Chapter 1 Introduction

Part A: Planning and Concepts
Chapter 2 Introduction To Substation Planning And Concepts
Chapter 3 Type Of Switchgear To Be Used
Chapter 4 Selecting Circuit Arrangements: Requirements And Reliability
Chapter 5 Effect Of Safety Regulations And Safe Working Practices On Substation Design
Chapter 6 Incorporating New Functionalities Into The Substation
Chapter 7 Substation Specification And Evaluation
Chapter 8 Type Of Contract For Substations (In House Or Turnkey)
Chapter 9 Innovation And Standardization Of Substation Equipment

Part B: Air-Insulated Substations
Chapter 10 Introduction To Air-Insulated Substations
Chapter 11 Basic Design And Analysis Of Air-Insulated Substations
Chapter 12 Specification And Selection Of Main Components For Air-Insulated Substations
Chapter 13 Construction Of Air-Insulated Substations
Chapter 14 Instruction Manuals And Training For Air-Insulated Substations

Part C: Gas-Insulated Substations
Chapter 15 Why Choose Gis?
Chapter 16 Gis Configuration
Chapter 17 Insulation Coordination
Chapter 18 Gis Primary Components
Chapter 19 Gis Secondary Equipment
Chapter 20 Interfaces: Civil Works, Building, Structures, Cables, Ohl, Transformers, And Reactors
Chapter 21 Gis Earthing
Chapter 22 Gis Testing
Chapter 23 Sf6, Its Handling Procedures And Regulations
Chapter 24 Training, Service, And Maintenance Of Gas-Insulated Substations
Chapter 25 Execution Of A Gis Substation Project

Part D: Mixed Technology Switchgear Substations and Gas Insulated Lines
Chapter 26 Mixed Technology Switchgear (Mts) Substations
Chapter 27 Gas Insulated Lines (Gil)

Part E: UHV and Offshore Substations
Chapter 28 Uhv Substations
Chapter 29 Ac Offshore Substations Associated With Wind Power Plants

Part F: Secondary Systems
Chapter 30 Secondary Systems: Introduction And Scope
Chapter 31 Substation Auxiliary Systems
Chapter 32 Substation Protection
Chapter 33 Substation Control And Automatic Switching
Chapter 34 Metering And Monitoring
Chapter 35 Substation Communications
Chapter 36 Substation Digital Equipment
Chapter 37 Equipment Considerations And Interfaces For Substations
Chapter 38 Asset Management Of Secondary Systems Of Substations

Part G: Environmental Impact of and on Substations
Chapter 39 Introduction To The Environmental Impact Of And On Substations
Chapter 40 Impact Of Ambient Conditions On Substations
Chapter 41 Electromagnetic Interference (Emi) In Substations
Chapter 42 Impact Of The Substation On The Environment
Chapter 43 Special Risks Related To Substation Equipment (Transformers, Reactors, And Capacitor Banks)
Chapter 44 Use Of Sf6 And Cf4
Chapter 45 Handling, Recycling, Disposal, And Reuse Of Substations

Part H: Substation Management Issues
Chapter 46 Asset Management In An Electric Infrastructure
Chapter 47 Developing Strategic Policies
Chapter 48 Whole Life Management Of Substations
Chapter 49 Commissioning
Chapter 50 Substation Maintenance Strategies
Chapter 51 Substation Condition Monitoring
Chapter 52 Managing Asset Risk And Reliability Of Substations
Chapter 53 Managing Obsolete And New Technologies In Substations Together

Part I: Future Developments
Chapter 54 Future Developments In Substation Design